Innovative, integrated and independent retail payments are crucial components of our monetary system. As payments transition into the digital era, Piero Cipollone discusses taking the Single Euro Payments Area to the next level
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The history of human progress has been defined by technological breakthroughs generated by ideas. Christine Lagarde argues we need the right conditions that allow them to reach their full potential
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Europe lags behind in innovation. Clemens Fuest, Daniel Gros, Philipp-Leo Mengel, Giorgio Presidente and Jean Tirole describe how its industry seems stuck in a middle-technology trap and argue that EU innovation policy should support disruptive innovation to break this path dependency
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There has been a surge in populism across Western democracies. Vincenzo Galasso, Massimo Morelli, Tommaso Nannicini and Piero Stanig evaluate how ruling parties might counter populism
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The Western Balkan countries are moving towards European Union accession. Armin Steinbach examines the obstacles and lessons from the Eastern Partnership
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Failure to meet the Paris climate goals poses economic challenges that have an impact on central banks’ work, argues Frank Elderson. To avoid mistakes, policymakers must address the resulting structural changes
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Industrial policy is undergoing a major resurgence. Cristina Caffarra and Nathaniel Lane argue that getting Europe to improve performance will require a massive, concerted effort at national and EU levels
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Simon Voigts and Anne-Charlotte Paret assess emissions reduction, fiscal costs and the macro effects of the Inflation Reduction Act
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China is approaching a fork in the road: rely on the policies that have worked in the past or update its policies for a new era of high-quality growth. Kristalina Georgieva discusses
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The WTO e-commerce moratorium has been renewed. Andrea Andrenelli and Javier López González explore the different issues around the moratorium debate
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