Clinical supervision
Sam Woods reflects on the nature of banking supervision. Taking stock of how supervision has evolved in the UK and internationally, he considers what the role of a supervisor is and how it might evolve in future
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Author: Op-ed
How to get the green and the deal
Europe is recalibrating its industrial policy in response to external challenges. Maive Rute, Frank Vandermeeren and Anca Dumitrescu investigate the goals of this recalibrated approach and the key components for success
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Testing EU discipline on state aid
The Iran energy shock is a test of European discipline on state aid. Roel Dom and Simone Tagliapietra argue that the latest EU temporary state-aid framework is needed to shield industries and consumers from short-term costs, but should not become more permanent
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Stablecoins and the future of money
Stablecoins are not an efficient way to strengthen the international role of the euro, says Christine Lagarde. The best solution to do so remains: deeper capital market integration through the savings and investment union and a stronger safe asset base
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A way out via the Strait of Hormuz
The US–Iran relationship appears to be at its lowest point in decades. Simon Johnson and Amir Kermani describe how the twin blockades of the Strait of Hormuz create the possibility of a time-consistent agreement linking the nuclear issue, sanctions relief, and uninterrupted navigation
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Climate, nature and monetary policy
Global efforts to tackle the climate and nature crises have not progressed as hoped, says Christine Lagarde. This sharpens the case for deeper analysis from the research and central banking communities to better understand the risks to price and financial stability
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Reconfiguring Europe in a fractured global economy
The dramatic developments unfolding globally, spanning wars, geopolitical shifts, and trade disruptions, have caught Europe off balance. Marco Buti, Giancarlo Corsetti and Anna Peychev discuss the 2026 Florence Report and urge the EU to replace its broken ‘reduced responsibility model’ with a New European Social Contract integrating defence, finance, and the supply of public goods
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Challenging inequalities
Across developed countries there is a growing perception that social progress has stalled. Paul Johnson, James Banks, Tim Besley, Richard Blundell, Angus Deaton, Robert Joyce, and Debra Satz argue that stronger economic growth, more dynamic labour markets, and policies that help opportunities take root are essential to tackling inequalities
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Updating the Fed for the modern world
Christopher Waller emphasises the need for the Federal Reserve to modernise its operations to adapt to a changing world. This includes reducing costs, effectively managing risk, and delivering value to the American taxpayer
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The Draghi dilemma
Governments across Europe are increasingly acting to help industry remain competitive without compromising EU climate policy. Stan Olijslagers, Corjan Brink, Xinyu Li, Rutger Teulings and Herman Vollebergh argue that both goals cannot be met using a single instrument
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