China’s BRI has reorganised global value chains. Yasuyuki Todo, Shuhei Nishitateno and Sean Brown reveal that the initiative has triggered strategic and divergent responses among major investor countries, depending on their economic and political relationships with China

The foundations of the multilateral trading system have been shaken. Petros Mavroidis argues that reviving the WTO will require a determined effort from the key stakeholders to address issues that the membership has previously avoided

The Trump administration imposed ‘reciprocal tariffs’ using powers granted under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act. Gene Grossman and Alan Sykes argue that the tariffs do not meet two core requirements for the exercise of emergency powers under the Act

In 2025 the US government underwent a large fiscal switch. Kimberly Clausing and Maurice Obstfeld evaluate tariffs as a broad tool of fiscal policy, reviewing both tax policy and macroeconomic considerations, and concludes that this fiscal switch will leave most Americans worse off

Stress testing is vital for supervising the safety and soundness of the largest banks and preserving the stability of the financial system. Michael Barr has concerns over changes to the stress test system being considered by the Fed

The US administration’s approach to financial markets mixes deregulatory policies with a range of other policies that are largely without precedent. Gary Gensler, Lev Menand and Joshua Younger catalogue the relevant policy shifts and consider how these shifts may impact financial stability, capital markets, and the global dollar system