Governments globally have been ramping up initiatives to modernize their digital payment and financial systems. S Yash Kalash writes that nations must guard, strengthen digital rails to secure financial sovereignty

The world has changed fundamentally. Ignacio García Bercero and Niclas Poitiers argue that the EU needs a balanced strategy to cut reliance on the US and China while improving its capacity to counter coercive economic threats

The EU must speed up its integration and overhaul a model of export-led growth that has faltered amid mounting geopolitical turmoil. Christine Lagarde warns that the EU is increasingly vulnerable to shocks and is lagging behind in areas that will drive growth such as AI

The global trading system needs to reform. Ignacio García Bercero considers a first step in coalition building where two of the world’s major trading blocs have signalled their willingness to work to repair a system undermined by the US and China

Europe’s lack of defence capabilities leaves it vulnerable to economic and foreign policy pressure. Philipp Hildebrand, Hélène Rey and Moritz Schularick outline key principles for establishing a European Future of Defence Architecture and a framework for its financing

For over 400 years the world economy has seen greater globalisation. Steve Schifferes believes the weakness of international institutions and the limited visions of governments are not optimistic signs for the future of globalisation