EU banking rules are under pressure for simplification. Jesper Berg and Hans Geeroms argue that reforms should cut complexity without weakening financial safeguards

Digitalisation is reshaping how financial markets operate, says Christine Lagarde. For Europe, this is above all an opportunity to deepen integration, strengthen autonomy and anchor innovation in trusted public money across markets and payments

The central constitutional question for Europe is how sovereign democracies can govern common goods together without creating a sovereign European state. Hans Gersbach proposes reciprocal sovereignty as an answer

Europe faces unprecedented geopolitical and economic challenges, including high dependencies on external providers for energy, technology, security, and financial infrastructure. Frank Elderson argues reducing these dependencies is essential for safeguarding the European way of life

To secure the benefits of an EU-wide incorporation regime an EU Inc. plan for a common company regime should become more targeted and be underpinned by better system infrastructure, Fiona M Scott Morton and Reinhilde Veugelers argue

Europe is recalibrating its industrial policy in response to external challenges. Maive Rute, Frank Vandermeeren and Anca Dumitrescu investigate the goals of this recalibrated approach and the key components for success